TRACKER LAUNCH DATE ASTRONOMY SPACEX CONTROVERSY FAQ REFLECT ORBITAL
6.5°NLATITUDE
84°MAX ELEVATION
WATTIMEZONE
~−4PEAK MAGNITUDE
◈ PRE-LAUNCH — NO MIRROR IN ORBIT YET
EARENDIL-1 is targeting a mid-2026 launch. There is currently no space mirror in orbit. Pass predictions for Lagos will go live on OrbitalNodes.ai from launch day — exact times, directions, and beam target information updated in real time.
EARENDIL-1 PASS ARC AND BEAM FOOTPRINT — LAGOS
30° 60° 90° 5km beam footprint Peak 84° — directly overhead NW NE LAGOS · 6.5°N · EARENDIL-1 PASS GEOMETRY 3–5 passes/week (season) mag ~−4 at peak
EARENDIL-1 VIEWING CONDITIONS — LAGOS BY MONTH VIEWING QUALITY BY MONTH J F M A BEST M BEST J BEST J BEST A BEST S BEST O GOOD N D STATS 70° MAX ELEV 3–5/week PASSES/WK B7 BORTLE 6.5°N NW → NE ★ BEST: APR–OCT Southern winter — long nights, low humidity ✗ AVOID: DEC–FEB Summer haze, short nights UNIQUE Southern hemisphere — revers
PASS GEOMETRY

What to Expect in Lagos

LATITUDE AND PASS GEOMETRY
From 6.5°N near the equator in coastal West Africa, EARENDIL-1 reaches ~84° peak elevation — essentially directly overhead. Lagos' near-equatorial position produces some of the highest peak elevations for EARENDIL-1 of any major city on Earth. Pass directions are highly variable at this latitude: the mirror can approach from either the SW or NW depending on the orbital plane's relationship to the sun-terminator line at the moment of pass. EARENDIL-1 orbits at a similar inclination to the ISS, meaning it will pass over Lagos multiple times per week when operational. The mirror is steerable, so it will only be at full brightness during targeted commercial passes.
VIEWING WINDOW
April through October (southern hemisphere autumn/winter) offer the best conditions. Southern hemisphere seasons are reversed. June and July — southern winter — give the longest dark evenings and best satellite viewing. Summer (December–January) brings long twilight. Like all satellites, EARENDIL-1 is only visible during twilight — when your sky is dark but the mirror is still in direct sunlight. Outside this window it is either invisible in daylight or in Earth's shadow.
LIGHT POLLUTION BORTLE 7
Central Lagos sits at Bortle 8–9 with substantial urban light pollution across its 15M+ population footprint. Power-grid inconsistencies mean some areas have significantly darker skies than others on any given night. EARENDIL-1 at magnitude ~−4 is clearly visible from Bar Beach, the Lekki-Ikoyi Link Bridge, or any open coastal location. The near-zenith 84° peak elevation minimizes atmospheric path length and enhances apparent brightness despite tropical haze. For genuinely dark skies, the Obudu Plateau in Cross River State (~800km east, Bortle 3) and Yankari Game Reserve in Bauchi State (~900km NE, Bortle 3) offer the best accessible options.
5KM BEAM FOOTPRINT
A 5km beam footprint could span from Lagos Island across the lagoon to Victoria Island and onto Lekki Phase 1 in a single pass — covering the city's major financial, political, and cultural districts simultaneously. Alternatively, a beam over the emerging Eko Atlantic City (the massive land-reclamation development on the Atlantic Ocean side) could illuminate what's being built as West Africa's new financial capital. A pass along Bar Beach would illuminate the Atlantic shoreline with dramatic water-reflection effects. The footprint moves at orbital velocity (7.6 km/s) but lingers over the target for several minutes during pass peak.
SEASONAL NOTES
November through March is Lagos' dry season — less humidity, fewer storms, and the Harmattan winds from December through February bring dry Saharan air with significantly lower humidity despite some dust haze. This is the best viewing window. April through October is the wet season, with heavy afternoon storms from the southwest monsoon often clearing by late evening. Early November and March offer transitional clarity.
OBSERVER GUIDE

What EARENDIL-1 Will Look Like from Lagos

From Lagos, EARENDIL-1 passes will appear as a fast-moving point of light crossing the sky — and like Bangkok and Mumbai, the mirror passes essentially directly overhead. At peak brightness it reaches magnitude ~−4 — comparable to Venus at maximum. With 84° peak elevation the mirror's path traces nearly vertically across the sky, giving Lagos observers a visual experience distinct from mid-latitude cities where the mirror arcs across the horizon. Tropical haze softens star backgrounds but the mirror remains clearly visible.

The mirror is steerable — between targeted commercial passes, Reflect Orbital tilts it away from Earth, making it much dimmer or invisible. During an active commercial pass you'll see a sudden brightening as the beam angle locks onto the target region. The pass ends abruptly when the mirror tilts away again.

Unlike a steady satellite, EARENDIL-1 may show subtle brightness variations as the mirror adjusts its aim. Watch for a brief period of maximum brightness near the peak of the pass when the geometry is optimal — this is when the 5km ground footprint is directly beneath the mirror at closest approach.

Track EARENDIL-1 from Lagos at Launch

OrbitalNodes.ai will provide real-time pass predictions for Lagos from the moment EARENDIL-1's orbital data is published. No app download required — runs entirely in your browser with GPS-accurate directions.

◈ OPEN ORBITALNODES.AI
FAQ

Space Mirror Questions — Lagos

How bright will EARENDIL-1 appear from Lagos?

At peak overhead passes, EARENDIL-1 is designed to reach magnitude ~−4 — comparable to Venus at maximum brightness. Lagos' 84° near-zenith peak elevation means the mirror passes directly overhead, minimizing atmospheric path length and enhancing apparent brightness despite the tropical haze that characterizes the West African coast. It is easily visible from Bar Beach, the Lekki-Ikoyi Link Bridge, or any open coastal location — though Lagos' Bortle 8–9 light pollution means nearby stars fade against the city glow. Between commercial illumination passes, Reflect Orbital tilts the mirror away from Earth, reducing brightness significantly.

How high will EARENDIL-1 appear from Lagos?

From 6.5°N near the equator in coastal West Africa, EARENDIL-1 can reach ~84° elevation on the best passes — essentially directly overhead. This is among the highest peak elevations of any major city in the world — comparable only to Bangkok (13.8°N), Singapore (1.4°N), Bogotá, Kuala Lumpur, and other near-equatorial capitals. Near-equatorial latitudes produce highly variable pass directions: passes can approach from either the SW or NW depending on the orbital plane's relationship to the sun-terminator line.

When is the best time to see it from Lagos?

November through March is Lagos' dry season — less humidity, fewer storms, and the Harmattan winds from December through February bring dry Saharan air with significantly lower humidity despite some dust haze. April through October is the wet season with afternoon storms often clearing by late evening. November and March are the best viewing windows.

Will the beam footprint hit Lagos?

A 5km beam footprint could span from Lagos Island across the lagoon to Victoria Island and onto Lekki Phase 1 in a single pass — covering the city's major financial, political, and cultural districts simultaneously. Alternatively, a beam over the emerging Eko Atlantic City (the massive Atlantic land-reclamation development being built as West Africa's new financial capital) could illuminate what represents one of Africa's most ambitious urban planning projects. A pass along Bar Beach would illuminate the Atlantic shoreline with dramatic water-reflection effects. A beam over National Stadium Surulere or Tafawa Balewa Square could illuminate sites of major national events. Whether any specific location falls in the footprint depends on Reflect Orbital's commercial contracts and targeting decisions.

Is EARENDIL-1 visible yet?

No — EARENDIL-1 has not launched yet. Reflect Orbital is targeting a mid-2026 launch. There is currently no space mirror in Earth orbit. OrbitalSolar.ai will update with live pass data from the moment orbital elements are published after launch. Check the mission tracker for current launch status.

Why does the mirror move differently from Lagos than from other cities?

From near-equatorial latitudes at 6.5°N, EARENDIL-1 passes essentially directly overhead. Compared to mid-latitude northern cities like London or New York where the mirror arcs at moderate elevations, Lagos observers see the mirror tracking almost vertically across the sky. Near-equatorial cities also experience highly variable pass directions — depending on the orbital plane's relationship to the sun-terminator line, passes can approach from either the SW or NW. Sun-synchronous satellites track the day-night boundary, which at equatorial latitudes can approach from essentially any azimuth.

What makes Lagos unique for EARENDIL-1 viewing?

Lagos' 6.5°N equatorial latitude gives it among the highest peak elevations for EARENDIL-1 of any major city on Earth — ~84°, essentially directly overhead. As Africa's most populous city and the only equatorial African megacity in this coverage, Lagos offers a viewing perspective shared by only a handful of other major metros: Bangkok, Singapore, Bogotá, Kuala Lumpur, and Jakarta. The mirror's path traces nearly vertically across the sky at peak pass. Lagos' coastal geography — built across islands (Lagos Island, Victoria Island, Ikoyi, Lekki) separated by lagoons and fronting the Atlantic Ocean — provides unobstructed southern horizons for tracking passes toward the sea. The emerging Eko Atlantic City development on reclaimed Atlantic land creates a unique urban viewing context.

What dark-sky locations near Lagos are best for watching the mirror pass?

The Blue Mountains (90 minutes west, Bortle 3–4) give the clearest sky with minimal light dome interference. Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park (45 minutes north) is excellent for clear northern passes. Royal National Park (45 minutes south) has a clear southern horizon. For serious observation, Observatory Hill in the CBD works for the bright mirror itself — at magnitude −4 it needs no dark sky — but the Blue Mountains are far better for seeing the beam footprint effect against a dark sky backdrop.

// ALSO TRACK SATELLITES OVER LAGOS

OrbitalNodes.ai tracks the ISS, Tiangong, Hubble, and all satellites over Lagos in real time — including exact pass times, directions, and brightness predictions.

→ SATELLITES OVER LAGOS — ORBITALNODES.AI