TRACKER LAUNCH DATE ASTRONOMY SPACEX CONTROVERSY FAQ REFLECT ORBITAL
51.5°NLATITUDE
80°MAX ELEVATION
GMT/BSTTIMEZONE
~−4PEAK MAGNITUDE
◈ PRE-LAUNCH — NO MIRROR IN ORBIT YET
EARENDIL-1 is targeting a mid-2026 launch. There is currently no space mirror in orbit. Pass predictions for London will go live on OrbitalNodes.ai from launch day — exact times, directions, and beam target information updated in real time.
EARENDIL-1 PASS ARC AND BEAM FOOTPRINT — LONDON
30° 60° 90° 5km beam footprint Peak 80° — nearly overhead SW NE LONDON · 51.5°N · EARENDIL-1 PASS GEOMETRY 4–6 passes/week (season) mag ~−4 at peak
EARENDIL-1 VIEWING CONDITIONS — LONDON BY MONTH VIEWING QUALITY BY MONTH J GOOD F GOOD M GOOD A M J J A S GOOD O BEST N BEST D BEST STATS 80° MAX ELEV 3–5/week PASSES/WK B8 BORTLE 51.5°N SW → NE ★ BEST: SEP–MAR Long dark nights, spring/autumn clarity ✗ AVOID: MAY–JUL Perpetual twilight — never fully dark UNIQUE Latitude matches orbit — nea
PASS GEOMETRY

What to Expect in London

LATITUDE AND PASS GEOMETRY
At 51.5°N, EARENDIL-1 will pass nearly overhead on optimal passes — up to 80° elevation. This means the full 5km ground footprint beam is possible directly over central London. EARENDIL-1 orbits at a similar inclination to the ISS — meaning it will pass over London multiple times per week when operational. The mirror is steerable, so it will only be at full brightness during targeted commercial passes.
VIEWING WINDOW
March–May and September–October offer the best conditions. High latitude means summer twilight barely ends near solstice. Spring and autumn give the best viewing windows — 45–90 minutes of usable darkness after sunset. Like all satellites, EARENDIL-1 is only visible during twilight — when your sky is dark but the mirror is still in direct sunlight. Outside this window it is either invisible in daylight or in Earth's shadow.
LIGHT POLLUTION BORTLE 8
City sky — heavy light pollution. EARENDIL-1 at magnitude ~−4 is bright enough to be clearly visible from central London regardless of light pollution — comparable to Venus at maximum brightness. The beam footprint illumination on the ground is even more dramatic and would be visible from anywhere inside the 5km footprint. South Downs National Park (~70km) offers significantly darker skies for optimal viewing.
5KM BEAM FOOTPRINT
A 5km footprint beam could illuminate an area from Trafalgar Square to Canary Wharf in a single pass. At full brightness, observers inside the beam would experience a soft glow comparable to a bright full moon illuminating the streets. The footprint moves at orbital velocity — 7.6 km/s — so it sweeps across the ground in under a second, but during the peak of a pass it lingers for several minutes. Observers inside the beam experience concentrated sunlight equivalent to a bright full Moon illuminating the scene.
SEASONAL NOTES
Summer solstice brings near-perpetual twilight making June largely unsuitable. Autumn is ideal — long dark evenings and frequent clear nights.
OBSERVER GUIDE

What EARENDIL-1 Will Look Like from London

From London, EARENDIL-1 passes will appear as a fast-moving point of light crossing the sky in approximately 3–4 minutes. At peak brightness it will reach magnitude ~−4 — comparable to Venus at maximum and clearly visible even from the light-polluted city centre. It will be one of the brightest objects in the sky during a pass.

The mirror is steerable — between targeted commercial passes, Reflect Orbital tilts it away from Earth, making it much dimmer or invisible. During an active commercial pass you'll see a sudden brightening as the beam angle locks onto the target region. The pass ends abruptly when the mirror tilts away again.

Unlike a steady satellite, EARENDIL-1 may show subtle brightness variations as the mirror adjusts its aim. Watch for a brief period of maximum brightness near the peak of the pass when the geometry is optimal — this is when the 5km ground footprint is directly beneath the mirror at closest approach.

Track EARENDIL-1 from London at Launch

OrbitalNodes.ai will provide real-time pass predictions for London from the moment EARENDIL-1's orbital data is published. No app download required — runs entirely in your browser with GPS-accurate directions.

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FAQ

Space Mirror Questions — London

How bright will EARENDIL-1 appear from London?

At peak overhead passes, EARENDIL-1 is designed to reach magnitude ~−4 — comparable to Venus at maximum brightness and clearly visible from anywhere in London regardless of light pollution. This makes it one of the most conspicuous objects in the sky during a pass. Between commercial illumination passes, Reflect Orbital will tilt the mirror away from Earth, reducing brightness significantly.

How high will EARENDIL-1 appear from London?

At 51.5°N, EARENDIL-1 will pass nearly overhead on optimal passes — up to 80° elevation. This means the full 5km ground footprint beam is possible directly over central London. The exact elevation varies pass by pass depending on the orbital geometry. Higher elevation passes give a longer viewing window and brighter appearance as the mirror is closer to the observer.

When is the best time to see it from London?

March–May and September–October. Summer solstice brings near-perpetual twilight making June largely unsuitable. Autumn is ideal — long dark evenings and frequent clear nights. London's high latitude means summer twilight barely ends near the solstice, so spring and autumn offer the best combination of dark skies and favourable pass geometry.

Will the beam footprint hit London?

A 5km footprint beam could illuminate an area from Trafalgar Square to Canary Wharf in a single pass. At full brightness, observers inside the beam would experience a soft glow comparable to a bright full moon illuminating the streets. Whether any specific location falls in the footprint depends on Reflect Orbital's commercial contracts and targeting decisions. The beam is steerable so it can be directed to specific cities or regions for commercial lighting purposes.

Is EARENDIL-1 visible yet?

No — EARENDIL-1 has not launched yet. Reflect Orbital is targeting a mid-2026 launch. There is currently no space mirror in Earth orbit. OrbitalSolar.ai will update with live pass data from the moment orbital elements are published after launch. Check the mission tracker for current launch status.

Why does London get particularly high EARENDIL-1 passes?

EARENDIL-1 will orbit in a sun-synchronous orbit around 625km altitude — passing over London at up to 80° elevation. This is because London's latitude of 51.5°N closely matches the orbital inclination. The same geometry that makes London excellent for ISS viewing also applies to EARENDIL-1. Near-overhead passes are longer, brighter, and give the full 5km beam footprint the best chance of targeting central London.

Why is summer the worst time to see EARENDIL-1 from London?

At 51°N, astronomical twilight persists all night between mid-May and late July — the Sun never drops far enough below the horizon to create true darkness. EARENDIL-1 requires you to be in darkness while the mirror is in sunlight. In summer London, both conditions can't be met simultaneously. September through March are the prime months when proper darkness arrives within 60–90 minutes of sunset.

What's the commercial case for a London beam pass?

London is one of the most commercially attractive targets globally — 9 million people, major financial and entertainment industries, and extreme light pollution meaning any additional illumination is noticeable. A beam pass during a major outdoor event at Hyde Park, Wembley, or along the Thames could reach hundreds of thousands of people simultaneously. Reflect Orbital has specifically mentioned European cities as early commercial targets.

// ALSO TRACK SATELLITES OVER LONDON

OrbitalNodes.ai tracks the ISS, Tiangong, Hubble, and all satellites over London in real time — including exact pass times, directions, and brightness predictions.

→ SATELLITES OVER LONDON — ORBITALNODES.AI